As per the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (CAA), Rural Water supply (RWS) was the 11th subject matter identified for devolution to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) for governance reforms. The Sector reforms based on community participation and decentralized water governance by PRIs were first introduced in 1998 by the Department of Drinking Water Supply, Government of India and was subsequently lunched nationwide in the shape of Swajaldhara programme in 2003.