Introduction : Millions of surgical procedures are performed every year and surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a major source of morbidity post operatively. In the era of economic constrains SSI leads to a lot of financial loss which could have been avoided had the infection not occurred. SSI is potentially preventable if one follows the guidelines. Pathogenesis : With the incision 5 critical inflammatory responses are activated: (a)Coagulation proteins activationvasodilatation and increased flow of blood (b)Platelet activationphagocytic infiltration (c)Mast cells activationphagocytosis of the microbes (d)Complement proteins activationeradication of dead tissues e) Bradykinin…